Eastern redbud, Cercis canadensis
Eastern redbud is a stunning small flowering tree that bursts with clusters of rose-pink to light purple flowers in early spring before the leaves emerge. Growing 6-9 m tall and wide, this native tree is highly valued as one of the most important early-season nectar sources for pollinators emerging from winter hibernation. The distinctive heart-shaped leaves appear after flowering, followed by flat seed pods that persist through winter.
Ecology:
A critical early-spring pollinator tree. Flowers attract bumblebees, mason bees, honeybees, mining bees, sweat bees, long-tongued bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. Supports the specialized bee Habropoda laboriosa. Serves as larval host plant for 12 species of Lepidoptera including Henry's Elfin butterfly, Grape leaf-folder moth, and Morning Glory Prominent. Cardinals, grosbeaks, and other songbirds eat the seeds. Hummingbirds feed on flowers. Provides nesting material for native bees. Has special value to native and bumble bees for both nectar and nesting.
Growing conditions:
Prefers full sun but tolerates partial shade. Best in moist, rich, well-drained soil but highly adaptable to various soil types including clay, loam, and sandy soils. Drought-tolerant once established. Avoid poorly drained or flooded sites as the tree does not tolerate wet feet. Native to open woodlands, woodland edges, streamsides, and savannahs. Plant in spring or fall. Deer resistant. Short-lived tree (approximately 20 years) but provides outstanding spring display.