Pussy Willow, Salix discolor
Pussy Willow is a beautiful North American native large shrub or small tree that brings early spring magic to the garden with its iconic silky, silvery catkins that appear on bare stems before the leaves emerge. These fuzzy buds transform into nectar-rich, pollen-covered catkins in March, providing a spectacular early-season display. Growing 3-6 meters tall, this deciduous shrub features an attractive rounded, somewhat irregular branching structure that adds rustic charm and texture to the landscape. The catkins make excellent cut flowers and offer year-round wildlife interest.
Ecology:
As one of the first plants to bloom in spring, Pussy Willow is absolutely critical for early-emerging pollinators when few other food sources are available. The catkins provide essential pollen and nectar for overwintering honeybees, ground-nesting solitary bees, and many specialist bees that depend on pussy willow for survival. The foliage is an all-star host plant that feeds 375+ species of caterpillars, including those of mourning cloak, red-spotted purple, and viceroy butterflies. These larvae are critical food for songbird nestlings. Goldfinches and Yellow Warblers nest in the thickets, and many birds use the shrub for cover. The extensive root system helps prevent soil erosion along riverbanks and wetlands.
Growing conditions:
Pussy Willow thrives in full sun and loves moist to wet soil, even tolerating boggy or waterlogged conditions that challenge most plants. Prefers clay, loam, or sandy soil with a near-neutral pH (6.8-7.2). Perfect for planting near water features, in low-lying areas, or for erosion control on slopes. Once established, can tolerate short periods of drought. Deer tolerant. Can be severely pruned after flowering. Deep-reaching roots help stabilize soil and filter nutrients from waterways. Hardy and easy to grow.